Roof truss design plays important roe in overall aesthetics of residential building or individual home. Roof truss design process starts with verifications of geometry specifications and loading conditions. It contains the roof pitch, span, post heights, applied live and dead loads on the roof chords and spacing between trusses. It is also necessary to consider various cross-sections for truss and joists for evaluating overall strength.
In general roof truss structure is characterized by panel point specifications, length of chord members and code guidelines. Once the panel points are distinguished, the members and nodes of the model are characterized by distance between maximum and minimum length trusses.
Since any truss is characterized in terms of the topology, a linear finite element analysis or CAD drafting can be applied to verify live and dead load conditions. The roof truss design is specified as a planar frame with firm connections. It is essential to apply AISC codes for design analysis and is reflected on the finite element results.
In this arrangement designer tries to remove components having low stress magnitude while components with high stress level are targeted and augmented in size. In the end a full-scale truss analysis is applied across various roof elements for buckling or stress failure.
Sometimes a dead load is applied in incremental stages over the length of the truss to measure the response of the structure in reference to applied load, deflections, and strains in the components. A general 3D FEA model is utilized for full-scale testing to evaluate factors like bracing, buckling and load transfer points. It also provides the stiffening and load distributing outcomes of the timber sheet to determine the effects of linear buckling
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